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Trigger Finger: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments

Updated on
1/4/2024
A right hand with bent thumb.

Dealing with a finger that catches or sticks? You may be experiencing trigger finger, a condition that restricts the movement of your fingers and causes discomfort. While it can greatly disrupt your daily routine, understanding its origins and available treatments is crucial for finding relief. This guide will help you identify symptoms, examine potential causes, and discover appropriate treatment options for managing the trigger finger.

Key Takeaways

  • Trigger finger, or stenosing tenosynovitis, typically affects the ring finger and thumb, and is caused by irritation and swelling of the tendon sheath, which can lead to stiffness, locking, or a popping sensation in the affected finger. The popping itself is a trigger to the next part - a pain. Believe me, it can affect the entire function of hand motions. It's enough to suffer.
  • Risk factors for trigger finger include repetitive hand use, certain demographics (e.g., women over 50), health conditions like diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis, and occupations that require prolonged gripping or repetitive movements.
  • Treatment options for trigger finger range from non-surgical methods like ice therapy, NSAIDs, splinting, and steroid injections to surgical interventions such as open-release surgery or percutaneous release, especially when conservative treatments fail.

Understanding Trigger Finger

My right thumb that I couldn't fully extend.
My right thumb that I couldn't fully extend.

Stenosing tenosynovitis, commonly known as trigger finger, is a medical condition characterized by the fingers becoming stuck in a bent position. This happens because of irritation to the tendon sheath - which is the protective covering for tendons that connect muscles to bones - leading them to get caught or locked.

This accident started to happen to me in January 2023. I was starting a new year with my ongoing massage practice, my regular computer chores, and a new injury. It did occur very innocently at the beginning. Later on, I realized how little joint popping can harm.

Sometimes this irritation can result in the development of nodules on affected tendons, causing symptoms such as catching and locking of fingers. Having an understanding of how tissue plays a role in the trigger finger helps us better understand its causes and potential treatments.

First Signs and Symptoms of Trigger Finger

Photo of a person holding their hand in pain
Photo of a person holding his hand in pain

Trigger finger can lead to a wide range of symptoms, from mild stiffness to severe impairment. These include feeling and hearing a popping or clicking sensation when moving the affected finger, with more serious cases resulting in complete locking in a bent position. Such experiences greatly impact an individual’s daily routine and overall well-being.

Interestingly enough, these manifestations may worsen during morning hours due to the body’s natural response to inflammation while sleeping. This could result in increased rigidity and challenges with mobility upon awakening. The nights were the worst. When you cannot fully control your body, the accidental bending of a stressed finger is a big trouble and pain.  

Moreover, the condition does not only affect one specific digit but rather multiple fingers at once or even both hands concurrently. Furthermore, stress is not directly linked as a cause for trigger finger development. However, may exacerbate existing symptoms. Evidence has shown that individuals experiencing high levels of stress tend to experience worse flare-ups. This highlights how it can significantly influence aspects such as everyday life functioning alongside complications like headaches. Fortunately, my case was oriented just on one finger. On the other hand, it's hard to tell which body part pain can affect your mental state. What is worse neck pain or finger pain? I kept asking myself.

The Underlying Causes Behind Trigger Finger

The primary cause of the trigger finger is the enlargement of the protective sheath surrounding a tendon. This swelling can be attributed to either inflammation or thickening of the sheath, but there is no definite explanation for its occurrence.

As this swelling increases, it may form a lump on the tendon which causes sensations such as catching or locking in trigger finger patients. While this experience can be distressing, understanding its underlying factors can help guide effective treatment methods toward finding relief and resolving symptoms.

Who is the Risk group?

Several factors increase the risk of developing a trigger finger, including repetitive hand use and prolonged gripping. Demographic factors such as age and gender also play a role, along with an injury to the hand or finger.

Patients who fall into certain categories are at a higher risk for this condition. These include women over 50 years old, individuals with diabetes or low thyroid function, and those with rheumatoid arthritis. These patients need to be aware of any symptoms that may indicate the onset of trigger finger development.

Demographic factors, occupations, and hobbies that involve repeated hand movements can make one more prone to developing this condition. This includes jobs like secretaries or seamstresses as well as activities like homemaking. For individuals in these professions/jobs, it is crucial to stay vigilant about potential triggers for their wounds (e.g., infected wounds) which could lead them down the path toward early preventive treatment options.

Complications That May Arise

Illustration of a person struggling to grip objects
Illustration of a person struggling to grip objects

Trigger finger can greatly disrupt daily activities and cause difficulty in tasks such as typing, buttoning clothes, gripping objects, and holding tools. If not properly treated, this condition may lead to severe consequences including persistent bending of the finger, reduced mobility, and chronic pain. Moreover, surgical complications like infection, stiffness, pain, scar tenderness, and nerve damage are also potential risks. It can also turn into deep anxiety in the long-run.

It should be noted that the trigger finger is often associated with long-term conditions like diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. Hence, it is essential to effectively manage these underlying health issues in order to prevent triggers from worsening.

Diagnosis: How Doctors Identify Trigger Finger

The diagnosis of trigger finger involves a thorough physical examination to assess pain and smoothness of hand motion. Patients are often asked to open and close their hand during the exam in order for healthcare providers to observe any triggering movement.

Ultrasound is commonly used as an imaging tool for evaluating this condition. This helps doctors not only determine its severity but also identify any unusual presentations that may require different treatment approaches tailored specifically for each individual patient.

Research suggests high reliability in these diagnostic tests when combined with symptom resolution and ultrasound evaluation of the condition’s intensity. With ongoing research, it is expected that even more precise methods will be developed in both diagnosing and treating trigger finger effectively in the future.

Alternative Effective Treatments for Relief

There is good news for those struggling with the trigger finger, as there are multiple effective treatment methods available. These can be divided into two main categories: non-surgical and surgical treatments. The goal of both types is to enhance the well-being and daily functioning of individuals affected by this condition.

Let’s take a closer look at these categories in terms of their impact on the body.

Non-Surgical Treatments

There are several non-surgical methods available for treating trigger finger. These include using ice, taking NSAIDs, resting the affected finger, wearing a splint at night, performing stretching exercises, and receiving corticosteroid injections.

Splinting is an effective way to heal without medication or surgery. It involves immobilizing the troubled digit with medical tape or a static splint in order to prevent triggering and give the tendon sheath time to recover.

Corticosteroid injections also have proven successful as a non-invasive treatment option. They can effectively relieve symptoms of the trigger finger and may even lead to complete resolution of the condition - studies show effectiveness rates between 39% to 72%.

It is important that these treatments be given proper consideration before resorting immediately to invasive procedures as they often provide significant relief from symptoms while allowing healing without any complications.

Surgical Interventions

If conservative methods prove unsuccessful or the condition is particularly severe, surgical options may be considered. There are various types of surgeries available for this condition, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.

Open-release surgery involves creating a small cut in the palm to expand the tunnel that holds the tendon sheath. The goal is to provide more space for the smooth movement of tendons, reducing instances of finger catching or locking.

In percutaneous release surgery, a needle is used to loosen the A1 pulley without making any incisions like in open-release surgery. This technique minimizes potential risks associated with wounds.

Tenosynovectomy involves removing thickened tissue from around tendons which can improve their flexibility and range of motion by eliminating obstructions within their surrounding structures.

I personally wasn't able to take any break from work, because of the surgery, and later recovery like reconditioning and scar tissue healing on a part of the skin which has direct contact with a client's body.

What helped me a lot was cortisone injections, maintaining caffeine intake, watching my standing and overall body mechanics while massaging, and cutting sugar from my diet for a couple of months. I was able to lift that successfully.

Exercising Trigger Finger at Home

Regular exercise is crucial for managing the trigger finger and should be a key part of any treatment plan. It can effectively alleviate symptoms, enhance flexibility, and strengthen the affected finger. There are various simple exercises and stretches that can easily be performed at home to achieve these benefits.

These exercises include stretching the fingers to improve flexibility, performing tendon glide movements to reduce stiffness and promote smooth movement of the fingers, and strengthening your grip which ultimately enhances hand strength as well as improving overall condition.

It is always advisable to seek advice from a healthcare professional before starting any new exercise routine. They will provide personalized recommendations based on individual needs and specific conditions in order to ensure safe practices.

Strategies for Prevention

Illustration of person making lifestyle changes
Illustration of person making lifestyle changes

To prevent a trigger finger, it is important to make lifestyle changes. These include taking regular breaks and doing gentle stretching exercises as well as self-care techniques such as massage. It is also essential to avoid activities that can worsen the condition.

Regular exercise plays a crucial role in preventing trigger finger by reducing symptoms, increasing flexibility, and strengthening the affected fingers. Managing underlying health conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or diabetes can help control inflammation and swelling associated with trigger finger.

Taking care of one’s overall health is an important preventative strategy for avoiding trigger finger. This includes maintaining proper management of any existing medical conditions that may contribute to this condition developing or worsening over time.

When to See a Doctor

Recognizing when it is necessary to seek medical assistance for trigger finger is crucial. Symptoms that indicate a need to see a doctor include stiffness in the morning, sensation of popping or clicking, and inability to straighten the affected finger.

It is important not to neglect these signs and promptly schedule an evaluation with a doctor. Early intervention can greatly improve outcomes and prevent long-term complications from occurring.

Failing to seek professional help may result in permanent stiffness or locking of the finger in a bent position, which can make daily tasks challenging. It’s essential to take these symptoms seriously and consult with a healthcare provider as soon as possible.

Summary

Trigger finger is a condition characterized by the fingers becoming stuck in a bent position due to irritation of the tendon sheath. The severity of symptoms can vary, and if left untreated, it can have negative effects on daily activities and create long-term problems.

Fortunately, with proper diagnosis, treatment options such as non-surgical interventions or surgery itself, home exercises, and lifestyle adjustments are effective ways to manage the trigger finger. It is important to prioritize your well-being through these measures that effectively address its symptoms. Neglecting this condition may result in complications which could disrupt one’s life greatly.

Today exactly one full year from the beginning of my injury

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you fix trigger finger?

One possible solution for resolving trigger finger is to rest the affected finger and utilize a splint specifically designed for this condition. Engaging in stretching exercises may also aid in improving symptoms. In certain instances, steroid injections could provide relief as well. It’s important to consider all of these options when trying to fix a trigger finger.

Can I cure trigger finger myself?

Yes, you can alleviate trigger finger without surgery by resting your hands, wearing a splint at night, doing stretching exercises, and considering a steroid injection if needed.

Severity can vary from a mild pop or sensation of the joint being stuck when you extend the finger.

Also these actions like the presence of caffeine in your life - a little pain relief, and eliminating sugar from the diet can take some stress from your head you focus on the problem, and it gives you some mental balance because of less pain.

What are the four exercises to heal the trigger finger?

To alleviate the pain associated with the trigger finger, consider incorporating finger exercises into your therapy regimen. These exercises can be beneficial in providing relief from discomfort and improving the overall functionality of the affected area.

Should you stretch trigger finger?

Stretching exercises and self-care methods, such as massage, can alleviate symptoms of the trigger finger by decreasing inflammation and increasing mobility in the tendons that are affected.

What is trigger finger?

Trigger finger is a medical condition characterized by the fingers getting trapped in a bent position as a result of irritation to the sheath surrounding the tendons. The most frequently affected digits are usually either the ring finger or the thumb.